The ‘Anti-Planning’ Approach
Authors: Yu Kongjian, Li Dihua, Liu Hailong Institute of Landscape Architecture, Peking University
Publisher: China Architecture & Building Press
Publication Date: September 2005
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Synopsis: The ‘Anti-Planning’ Approach represents an innovative planning methodology addressing ecological crises arising from China's rapid urbanisation. Its core principles unfold around four key tenets:
First, it subverts conventional planning logic by abandoning the linear ‘population-scale-layout’ approach. Instead, it prioritises the designation of mandatory no-development zones such as ecologically sensitive areas and cultural heritage sites. Establishing urban development thresholds through the rigid constraints of Ecological Infrastructure (EI), it regulates spatial form via ‘negative planning outcomes’ to provide a foundation for subsequent development.
Second, it highlights the strategic value of ecological infrastructure (EI), treating natural systems like rivers and wetlands as ‘life networks.’ Drawing on the theory of the Landscape Security Pattern (SSP), it integrates multiple functions—flood control, biodiversity conservation, cultural heritage preservation—to construct regional-level comprehensive green infrastructure, replacing traditional single-function green belts.
Thirdly, establishing a three-tier planning system (macro-meso-micro) with Taizhou, Zhejiang as a practical case study: at the macro level, constructing a regional ecological security network; at the meso level, ensuring ecological corridor continuity through greenways; at the micro level, integrating ecological services into urban design to achieve resilient development.
Fourthly, it reconfigures planning philosophy and ethics. Grounded in land ethics, it asserts that urban development must safeguard the health of the Earth's living organism. It critiques the ‘superhumanism’ mindset of excessive artificial intervention, advocating instead for a harmonious ‘human-land symbiosis’.
This theory transcends the traditional ‘development-first’ paradigm by prioritising ecological security as a precondition for spatial governance, offering a systematic methodology for China's territorial planning. Its Taizhou case study received the 2005 Planning Honours Award from the American Society of Landscape Architects, demonstrating its practical value.
